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YINJISPACE use media professional’s unique perspective,try to explore the essence of life behind the design works.

© logo 粤ICP备19077098号
France

Le Corbusier(1887~1965)

Charles-edouard Jeanneret (6 October 1887 -- 27 August 1965), known as Le Corbusier, was a Swiss-French Architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now called modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades, and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America.

Le Corbusier was born in Lashaud von in the Jura Mountains of Neuchatel Canton, northwest Switzerland. His parents were engaged in research at the University of Angers, and he studied winery in his hometown when he was young. In 1907, he went to Budapest and Paris to study architecture. In Paris, he studied with Victor Lalou, an architect famous for his use of reinforced concrete. Because Le Corbusier suffered from epilepsy, he was expelled by Victor Lalou. So to Germany Mendelian firm, Mr Rui xu, Mendel pine transaction processing technique so try to use new building is famous for its novel design of industrial building, where he met while working there buck Westminster fuller and mies van DE lo, they have affected each other, together create the function of socialist construction. He traveled to Egypt and Turkey, visiting ancient buildings and Islamic architecture.

He settled in Paris in 1917, is engaged in painting and interior design at the same time, with new cubist painters and poets et.al. Magazine "luxuriant spirit", according to his grandfather's name is a pseudonym for le corbusier, he wrote: in the first phase of "a new era began, it is rooted in a new spirit, there is a clear goal of a constructive and comprehensive new spirit." Which he later published some articles about building finishing collection published the book "to a new building" line, intense negative conformism architectural view, since the nineteenth century socialist architectural style restoring ancient ways, praising the achievements of modern industry, put forward "the era is to determine your own style" every day, bless engineers working methods, "Engineers, driven by economic laws and guided by mathematical formulas, bring us into harmony with the laws of nature." "Housing is a machine for living," advocated the industrial method of building houses on a large scale, "the primary task of construction is to promote the reduction of costs and components of the house." The architectural design emphasizes that "the original form is the form of beauty" and praises the simple geometric form.

In 1926, Le Corbusier proposed the famous "Cinq points de l 'Architectural Moderne" (Cinq Points de l 'Architectural Moderne) for his residential design, which are:
Les Pilotis: The main floor leaves the ground. Unique pillars empty the ground floor.
Le Toit-terrasse: Move the garden to the roof with the widest view and least humidity.
Le Plan Libre: The location of each wall layer can be determined by the needs of the space.
La Fenetre-Bandeau: A large window with a good view.
La facade libre: From the facade, the floors seem to exist individually and do not affect each other.

According to the requirements of the "five points of the new building", the residential design is due to the use of frame structure, the wall is no longer bearing the architectural characteristics. Le Corbusier made full use of these characteristics and in the 1930s designed some residential buildings that were completely alien to traditional architecture. The Villa Savoy is a famous masterpiece. Le corbusier's architectural design give full play to the characteristics of the frame structure, because the wall is no longer bearing, can design large lateral window, some of his design is not accepted by people at that time, many designs were rejected, but these forms of structure and design in the future by other architects popularization and application, such as step by step a back apartment, cable structure of galleries, He was a pioneer in many aspects of architectural design and had a very wide influence on modern architectural design.

Le corbusier also puts forward many ideas for urban planning, he was against the trend of big cities, urban planning for new think under the condition of modern technology, can both keep the high population density, forming the quiet health city environment, first puts forward the design of high-rise building and grade separation, is of great foresight. He always stood at the forefront of the development trend of architecture in the 1920s and 1930s, and played a role in promoting the modernization of architectural design and urban planning.

During the Second World War, his grandmother, who was of Jewish descent, was persecuted by the Vichy government and many of his relatives were arrested, forcing him to flee to work in Algeria and Tunisia. After this attack, his architectural design style obviously changed, from a focus on function to focus on the appearance of gorgeous; From emphasizing modern industrial technology to emphasizing visual experience; From the pursuit of smooth smooth to the pursuit of a different school, eye-catching. Therefore, he has a prominent position in the post-war new school of architecture. Until his death, his design ideas have been a great inspiration to architects around the world. His designs often caused great controversy. The strange appearance of St. Vincent's Church, which he designed, angered the old school and was criticized by the reformists. His plan for the League of Nations headquarters in Geneva caused a debate among the judges and was rejected by politicians. His Marseille apartment, which was sued by the French Society for the Preservation of Landscapes, later became a local attraction; His planning and building designs for the city of Tripoli were rejected by the Gaddafi authorities, but their rated-back approach has since been adopted by a number of coastal countries in Africa and the Mediterranean.

1965 - Drowns in the Mediterranean Sea after suffering a heart attack while swimming in the resort of Cap-Martin, Rocco Brune.

The architectural ideas of Le Corbusier

At the age of 24 (1911), Le Corbusier set out on three solo Tours of Europe, taking the ROUTE from Central Europe to Constantinople and thence to Italy before finally returning to his native Switzerland. In the course of Zhuang tour, Le Corbusier began to construct his architectural ideas gradually. He believed that modern architecture must learn from classical architecture (especially before Michelangelo and Baroque style) and satisfy simple life functions, without adding trivial, decadent, decorative and aristocratic aesthetic styles.

Then, when Le Corbusier was 27 years old (1914), he proposed the concept of Dom-ino System (domino house) residence, especially the idea of "Frame Architecture" : the wall is separated from the structure, and the wall is no longer related to the structure. Because of this relationship, his idea of Free Plan was formed. Le Corbusier believed that only through "separation of walls and columns" could liberal architecture be produced.

The famous "Five Points of New Architecture" is the aesthetic theory constructed by Le Corbusier when he was 39 years old (1926), and these five principles are related to the Dom-INO system developed by Le Corbusier earlier in principle. Briefly, in 1914, Le Corbusier developed the structural study of Dom-INO system, a technical concept he developed from reinforced concrete logic. In this concept, he proposed Dom-INO as a device, in terms of its shape and the way it is put together, as a product design, to face the housing problem. And the "House Machine", thus meeting the needs of post-war reconstruction, mass production, standardization and free grouping. Le Corbusier's five principles are the embodiment of Dom-Ino. For example, in 1922, Le Corbusier built a Citrohan house supported on a column by Dom-Ino system, which closely predicted Le Corbusier's five principles.

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